exestudiary

1. Experiment (실험)

- Any action or process by which observations (or measurements) are generated.

- The only way in which an investigator can elicit information about any phenomenon is to perform the experiments.

- Each experiment terminates with an outcome.

- If an experiment can be repeated under the same conditions, it is called a random experiment.

2. Sample space $S$ (표본 공간 $S$) 

- The sample space is a set that contains all possible outcomes of a particular experiment.

• The number of outcomes in the sample space can be finite or infinite.
• Infinite sample space can be countable or uncountable. A sample space is countable if the elements of the sample space can be put into 1-1 correspondence with a subset of the integers.

3. Event (사건)

- An event of a sample space $S$ is a subset of $S$ (including $S$ itself).

• A simple event contains only one outcome. Denoted by $w$.
• A compound event contains two or more outcomes.

4. Probability (Relative Frequency Approach)

- Suppose that an experiment is performed N times.

- The relative frequency for an event A is $A occurs \over N$  = $f \over N$.

- If we let N get infinitely large, $$P(A) = lim_{N\to\infty}{f_N \over N}$$